Monday, July 4, 2016

HTML Lesson 1

What is HTML?

  • HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, and it is the most widely used language to write Web Pages.
  •  Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are linked together. Thus, the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext.
  •  As its name suggests, HTML is a Markup Language which means you use HTML to simply "mark-up" a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to structure it to display.
    Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of documents like headings, paragraphs, lists, and so forth to facilitate the sharing of scientific information between researchers.
  • Now, HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags available in HTML language.
In its simplest form, following is an example of an HTML document:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>This is document title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>Document content goes here.....</p>
</body>
</html>
  • save it in an HTML file test.htm using your favorite text editor. Finally open it using a web browser like Internet Explorer or Google Chrome, or Firefox etc. It must show the following output

  • HTML Tags

    As told earlier, HTML is a markup language and makes use of various tags to format the content. These tags are enclosed within angle braces <Tag Name>. Except few tags, most of the tags have their corresponding closing tags. For example, <html> has its closing tag</html> and <body> tag has its closing tag </body> tag etc.
    Above example of HTML document uses the following tags: Tag Description
    • <!DOCTYPE...>
    This tag defines the document type and HTML version.
    • <html>
    This tag encloses the complete HTML document and mainly comprises of document header which is represented by <head>...</head> and document body which is represented by <body>...</body> tags.
    • <head>
    This tag represents the document's header which can keep other HTML tags like <title>, <link> etc.
    • <title>
    The <title> tag is used inside the <head> tag to mention the document title.
    • <body>
    This tag represents the document's body which keeps other HTML tags like <h1>, <div>, <p> etc.
    • <h1>
    This tag represents the heading.
    • <p>
    This tag represents a paragraph.


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